Uthengawu ndi Git Cheat Sheet yokhala ndi malamulo odziwika kwambiri a Git omwe mungagwiritse ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.
Ngati ndinu woyesa ukadaulo wogwira ntchito limodzi ndi omwe akutukula, muyenera kudziwa malamulo oyambira a Git.
Izi ndizomwe zili ndi chidziwitso chokwanira cha Git kuti zikuyendetseni tsiku ndi tsiku ngati QA.
Ngati simunakhazikitse Git pamakina anu, mutha kutsatira izi Momwe Mungayikitsire Git pa Mac ndikupanga ma Keys a SSH .
Pangani git repo yopanda kanthu kapena yambitsaninso yomwe ilipo kale
$ git init
Pangani foo repo mu chikwatu chatsopano chotchedwa foo:
$ git clone https://github.com//foo.git foo
Mukafuna kugwira ntchito yatsopano, mumapanga nthambi yatsopano ku Git. Mwakutero, nthawi zambiri mumafuna kuchoka pa nthambi yayikulu ndikugwirira ntchito nthambi zanu kuti mbuye wawo azikhala oyera nthawi zonse ndipo mutha kupanga nthambi zatsopano kuchokera pamenepo.
Kupanga kugwiritsa ntchito nthambi yatsopano:
$ git checkout -b
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa nthambi zomwe zikupezeka patsamba lanu logwiritsa ntchito, gwiritsani ntchito:
$ git branch
Kutulutsa kwachitsanzo:
develop my_feature master
Mukakhazikitsa nthambi yatsopano ndiye kuti Git imasinthira ku nthambi yatsopanoyo.
Ngati muli ndi nthambi zingapo, mutha kusintha mosavuta pakati pa nthambi ndi git checkout:
$ git checkout master $ git checkout develop $ git checkout my_feature
Kuchotsa nthambi yakomweko:
$ git branch -d
Gwiritsani ntchito -D
mbendera yoti mukakamize.
Kuchotsa nthambi yakutali pa Chiyambi:
$ git push origin :
Zokhudzana:
Kuti siteji fayilo ndikungokonzekera kudzipereka. Mukamawonjezera kapena kusintha mafayilo ena, muyenera kuyika zosinthazo 'm'deralo.' Ganizirani zokhala ngati bokosi momwe mumayika zinthu musanaponye pansi pa kama, pomwe bedi lanu ndi chosungira mabokosi omwe mudaponyamo kale.
Kuti muyambe kapena kuwonjezera mafayilo, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito git add command. Mutha kupanga mafayilo amtundu uliwonse:
$ git add foo.js
kapena mafayilo onse nthawi imodzi:
$ git add .
Ngati mukufuna kuchotsa fayilo ina pabwalo:
$ git reset HEAD foo.js
Kapena chotsani mafayilo onse:
$ git reset HEAD .
Muthanso kupanga zolemba pamalamulo kenako ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito ndi Git:
$ git config --global alias.unstage 'reset HEAD' $ git unstage .
Ngati mukufuna kuwona mafayilo omwe apangidwa, kusinthidwa kapena kuchotsedwa, mawonekedwe a Git akuwonetsani lipoti.
$ git status
Ndi mchitidwe wabwino kuchita nthawi zambiri. Nthawi zonse mumatha kuphwanya zomwe mwachita musanakankhidwe. Musanachite kusintha kwanu, muyenera kuziyika.
Lamulo lodzipereka limafuna chisankho cha -m chomwe chimafotokoza uthenga wopereka.
Mutha kusintha zosintha zanu monga:
$ git commit -m 'Updated README'
Lamulo lotsatirali lithetsa zomwe mwachita posachedwa ndikubwezeretsanso kusintha, kuti musataye ntchito iliyonse:
$ git reset --soft HEAD~1
Kuchotsa kwathunthu kudzipereka ndi kutaya chilichonse chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito:
$ git reset --hard HEAD~1
Tiyerekeze kuti mwachita 4, koma simunakakamize chilichonse ndipo mukufuna kuyika chilichonse pachimodzi, kenako mutha kugwiritsa ntchito:
$ git rebase -i HEAD~4
Zolemba HEAD~4
amatanthauza kuchita zinayi zomaliza.
Zolemba -i
chisankho chimatsegula fayilo yolemba.
Mudzawona mawu oti 'sankhani' kumanzere kwazinthu zilizonse. Siyani imodzi pamwamba yokha ndikusintha ina yonse ndi 's' ya sikwashi, sungani ndikutseka fayilo.
Kenako zenera lina lotseguka limatsegulira pomwe mungasinthire mauthenga anu odzipereka kukhala uthenga watsopano.
Mukamaliza kusintha, chotsatira ndikukankhira kumalo osungira kutali.
Sakani nthambi yakomweko kwa nthawi yoyamba:
$ git push --set-upstream origin
Pambuyo pake, ndiye mutha kungogwiritsa ntchito
$ git push
Kuti mukankhe nthambi yakomweko kupita kunthambi ina yakutali, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito:
$ git push origin :
Ngati mukuyenera kusintha kukankha kwanu komaliza, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito:
$ git reset --hard HEAD~1 && git push -f origin master
Mukagwiritsa ntchito git fetch
, Git simaphatikiza ena amawachita ndi nthambi yanu yapano. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka ngati mukuyenera kusunga malo anu osungira, koma mukuchita china chake chomwe chingaswe ngati musintha mafayilo anu.
Kuphatikiza zomwe mwachita mu nthambi yanu yayikulu, mumagwiritsa ntchito merge
.
$ git fetch upstream
Kukoka kumangotenga kenako kutsata kuphatikiza. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito git pull
, Git imasokoneza zochitika zina popanda kukulolani kuti muwunikenso kaye. Ngati simusamala bwino nthambi zanu, mutha kukangana pafupipafupi.
Ngati muli ndi nthambi yotchedwa my_feature
ndipo mukufuna kukoka nthambiyi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito:
$ git pull origin/my_feature
Kapena, ngati mukufuna kukoka zonse ndi nthambi zina zonse
$ git pull
Mukamayendetsa git merge
, nthambi yanu ya HEAD ipanga fayilo ya kudzipereka kwatsopano , kusunga makolo a mbiri iliyonse yopanga.
Pulogalamu ya kuwombera amalembanso kusintha kwa nthambi ina kupita kwina wopanda kupanga kudzipereka kwatsopano.
$ git checkout my_feature $ git merge master
Kapena posankha njira yobwezera, mumagwiritsa ntchito:
$ git checkout my_feature $ git rebase master
$ git checkout master $ git merge my_feature
Nthawi zina mumasintha pa nthambi, ndipo mukufuna kusinthana ndi nthambi ina, koma simukufuna kutaya zosintha zanu.
Mutha kuletsa kusintha kwanu. Umu ndi momwe mumakhalira stash mu Git:
$ git stash
Tsopano, ngati mukufuna kutsegula zosinthazo ndikuzibwezeretsanso pazomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito:
$ git stash pop